Abkürzung Name maximale Zähnigkeit (κ) maximale Haptizität (η) Ladung Struktur Acetylacetonat 2 −1 Acetonitril 1 0 Acridin Acetat 1 −1 2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol 3 0 2-Picolylamin 2 0 Wasser 1 0 Biuret 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-6,6′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl 2,2'-Binaphthyldiphenyldiphosphin 2 0 1,2-Bis[4,5-dihydro-3H -binaphtho[1,2-c :2′,1′-e ]phosphepino]benzen 1,1′-Bis{4,5-dihydro-3H -dinaphtho[1,2-c : 2′,1′-e ]phosphepino}ferrocen 4,4′-Di-tert -butyl-4,4′,5,5′-tetrahydro-3,3′-bis-3H -dinaphtho[2,1-c :1′,2′-e ]phosphepin 4,5-Dihydro-3H -dinaphtho[2,1-c ;1′,2′-e ]phosphepin 1,1′-Bi-2-naphthol 2 −2 5,5'-Bis-tert -butyl-bipyridin 2 0 5,5'-Bis-tert -butyl-bipyridin 2 0 Benzylmethylphenylphosphin 1 0 Bis(2-((S )-4-iso -propyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)phenyl)amin Bis(2-((S )-4-tert -butyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl)phenyl)amin Bis(oxazolin)-Liganden 2 0 1,2-Bis(2,5-diethylphospholano)ethan 2 0 Butoxycarbonyl-4-diphenylphosphino-2-diphenylphosphinomethyl-pyrrolidin 2,2′-Bipyridin 2 0 2,2′-Bipyridin 2 0 Cyclohexyl-o -anisylmethylphosphin 1 0 Bis(diphenylphosphino)butan 2 0 Tropylium (Cycloheptatrienyl)1 7 +1 Citrat 3 −3 1,5-Cyclooctadien 2 4 0 Cycloocten 1 2 0 Cyclooctatetraen 2 4 0 Cyclooctatetraen 1 8 −2 Cyclopentadienyl 1 5 −1 Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl 1 5 −1 Diacetonalkohol 1 0 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan 1 0 Diacetyldioxim Dibenzylidenaceton 2 4 0 Dibenzoylmethan 2 −1 Diethylazodicarboxylat Diethyl-2,6-pyridindicarboxylat Diethylentriamin 3 0 O -Isopropyliden-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butan2 0 (1R ,2R )-Bis[(2-methoxyphenyl)phenylphosphino]ethan 2 0 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethan 2 0 Dipicolinsäure 5 3 −2 4-Dimethylaminopyridin 1 0 Dimethyl-2,6-pyridindicarboxylat (Dimethyldipicolinat)Dimethylformamid 1 0 Dimethylglyoxim 2 −1 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecan-1,4,7,10-tetraessigsäure 8 −4 1,2-Bis[dimethylphosphino]ethan 2 0 Neocuproin (2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthrolin)2 0 Dimethylsulfoxid 1 0 (R,R)- & (S,S)-1,2-Diphenylethylene-1,2-diamin 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethan 2 0 Bis(diphenylphosphino)methan 2 0 1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)propan 2 0 Diethylentriamin-Pentaacetat 8 −5 Bis(2,5-dimethylphospholano)benzol 2 0 Ethylendiamintetraacetat 6 −4 Ethylen-bis(oxyethylennitrilo)-tetraacetat Ethylendiamin 2 0 α,α,α′,α′-tetramethyl-1,3-benzenedipropionate (benannt nach Christine G. Espino)[1] Hexafluoroacetylaceton 2 −1 Iminodiessigsäure 3 −2 Ligand 2,2′-Bis[(N ,N -dimethylamino)(phenyl)methyl]-1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocen N -Methyliminodiessigsäure(3,5-Dioxa-4-phosphacyclohepta[2,1-a;3,4-a′]dinapthalen-4-yl)dimethylamin Methylphenyl-n -propylphosphin 1,3-Diketiminat 2 −1 Bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-dienyl 2 4 0 Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-1-yl 2,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en N -Heterocyclische CarbeneNitrilotriessigsäure 4 −3 Acetat 1 −1 tert -Butylat1 −1 Ethanolat 1 −1 Methanolat 1 −1 Oxalat 2 −2 8-Hydroxychinolin 2 0 Phenyl o -anisylmethylphosphin Tricyclohexylphosphan 1 0 Phthalocyanin 4 −2 Phenanthrolin 2 0 Picolylamin Piperidin 1 0 Porphin Triphenylphosphan 1 0 2-Phenylpyridin 1 0 Collidinsäure (2,4,6-Pyridintricarbonsäure)ptz 1-Propyl-1H -tetrazol Pyridyl 1 0 Bis(oxazolin)-Liganden 3 0 Pyrazin 1 0 Quinolin-8-olato Bis(salicyliden)ethylendiaminat 4 −2 Lösungsmittel (Solvent)1,4,7-Triazacyclononan α,α,α´,α´-Tetraaryl-1,3-dioxolan-4,5-dimethanol 2 −2 Tartrat 4 −2 Ethylendiaminotriacetat 5 −3 Terpyridin 3 0 Triethylentetramin 4 0 Triflat 1 −1 Tetramethylethylendiamin 2 0 Tetramethylethylendiamin 2 0 Tris(pyrazolyl)borat 3 −1 Tetraphenylporphyrin 4 −2 Triphenylphosphantrisulfonat Tris(2-aminoethyl)amin 4 0 Triethylentetramin 4 0 Triethylentetraminhexaessigsäure 10 −6 , Halogenid oder Pseudohalogenid