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{{Importartikel}}
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{{Distinguish|Bayat (tribe)|Bayad tribe}}
<!--Bayat (tribe)|Bayad tribe Bayaut|other uses|Bayaut (disambiguation) Bayad <br>
{{Redirect|Bayaut|other uses|Bayaut (disambiguation)}}

{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Bayad <br>{{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠥᠠ}}
|image =
|pop = 56,573
|pop = 56,573
⚫
|ref1 = <ref name="mongolian">[http://www.toollogo2010.mn/doc/Main%20results_20110615_to%20EZBH_for%20print.pdf National Census 2010.] toollogo2010.mn [https://web.archive.org/web/20110915170555/http://www.toollogo2010.mn/doc/Main%20results_20110615_to%20EZBH_for%20print.pdf Archivlink]</ref>
|region1 = {{flagcountry|Mongolia}}
|pop1 = 56,573
⚫
|ref1 = <ref name="mongolian">[http://www.toollogo2010.mn/doc/Main%20results_20110615_to%20EZBH_for%20print.pdf National Census 2010] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915170555/http://www.toollogo2010.mn/doc/Main%20results_20110615_to%20EZBH_for%20print.pdf |date=2011-09-15 }}</ref>
|region2 =
|pop2 =
|ref2 =
|region3 =
|pop3 =
|ref3 =
|languages = [[Oirat language|Oirat]]
|languages = [[Oirat language|Oirat]]
|religions = [[Buddhism in Mongolia|Buddhism]], [[Mongolian shamanism]] , [[Atheism]]
|religions = [[Buddhism in Mongolia|Buddhism]], [[Mongolian shamanism]] , [[Atheism]] related=[[Mongols]], especially [[Oirats]]-->
⚫
Die '''Bayad''' ({{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠥᠠ}}, {{mnS|Баяд/Bayad}}, wörtl. „Die Reichen“) ist die drittgrößte Untergruppe der [[Mongol people]] in modern [[Mongolei]] and they are a tribe in [[Four Oirats]]. Baya'ud were a prominent clan within the [[Mongol Empire]]. Baya'ud can be found in both Mongolic and Turkic peoples. Within Mongols, the clan is spread through [[Khalkha]], [[Inner Mongolia]]ns, [[Buryats]] and [[Oirats]].
|related=[[Mongols]], especially [[Oirats]]
}}


== Geschichte ==
⚫
The '''Bayad''' ([[Mongolian language|Mongol]]: Баяд/Bayad, ''lit. "the Riches"'') is the third largest subgroup of [[Mongol people]] in modern [[Mongolia]] and they are a tribe in [[Four Oirats]]. Baya'ud were a prominent clan within the [[Mongol Empire]]. Baya'ud can be found in both Mongolic and Turkic peoples. Within Mongols, the clan is spread through [[Khalkha]], [[Inner Mongolia]]ns, [[Buryats]] and [[Oirats]].
⚫
[[Datei:Mongol Empire c.1207.png|mini|Mongol Empire c.1207]]
⚫
[[Datei:Mongolia XVI.png|mini|Mongol states XIV-XVII: 1.[[Northern Yuan dynasty]] 2.[[Four Oirat]] 3.[[Kara Del]] 4.[[Moghulistan]]]]
⚫
Der Clanname Baya'ud appears among the Mongols, while the ethnonym Bayid appears in Central Siberia. Only the latter appears to be connected to the modern Bayad people of western Mongolia. A common clan name does not mean common origin , the clan names Bayad and Baya’ud are differentiated. The Bayads appear to be Siberian peoples subjugated by the [[Dorbet Oirat|Dorbod]] tribe of the Oirats. Like all the Oirat tribes, the Bayads were not a consanguineal unit but a political-ethnographic one, formed of at least 40 different yasu, or patrilineages, of the most diverse origins.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Mongolia and Mongol Empire">{{Cite web |url=http://shora.tabriz.ir/Uploads/83/cms/user/File/657/E_Book/History/Encyclopedia%20of%20Mongolia%20and%20Mongol%20Empire.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2021-01-10 |archive-date=2021-01-12 |lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112003220/http://shora.tabriz.ir/Uploads/83/cms/user/File/657/E_Book/History/Encyclopedia%20of%20Mongolia%20and%20Mongol%20Empire.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>


⚫
It is also mentioned that the Bayads are presumably of Siberian Turkic origin, as the Bayad clan name is attested in Siberia from early times.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sneath |first1=David |url=https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004216358/B9789004216358-s030.xml |title=Atwood, C. (2006) 'Titles, Appanages, Marriages and Officials: A Comparison of Political Forms in the Zünghar and Thirteenthcentury Mongol Empires' |last2=Kaplonski |first2=Christopher |date=2010-01-01 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-21635-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>David Sneath: [https://books.google.com/books?id=v_V5DwAAQBAJ&q=presumably+of+Siberian+Turkic+origin%2C+as+the+Bayad+clan+name+is+attested+in+Siberia+from+early+times%29+and+the+Khotong+%28of+Turkestani+origin%29+%E2%80%93 |title=The History of Mongolia (3 Vols.) |last2=Kaplonski |first2=Christopher |date=2010-05-01 |publisher=Global Oriental |isbn=978-90-04-21635-8</ref>
== History ==
⚫
[[File:Mongol Empire c.1207.png|thumb|Mongol Empire c.1207]]
⚫
[[File:Mongolia XVI.png|thumb|Mongol states XIV-XVII: 1.[[Northern Yuan dynasty]] 2.[[Four Oirat]] 3.[[Kara Del]] 4.[[Moghulistan]]]]
⚫
The clan name Baya'ud appears among the Mongols, while the ethnonym Bayid appears in Central Siberia. Only the latter appears to be connected to the modern Bayad people of western Mongolia. A common clan name does not mean common origin , the clan names Bayad and Baya’ud are differentiated. The Bayads appear to be Siberian peoples subjugated by the [[Dorbet Oirat|Dorbod]] tribe of the Oirats. Like all the Oirat tribes, the Bayads were not a consanguineal unit but a political-ethnographic one, formed of at least 40 different yasu, or patrilineages, of the most diverse origins.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Mongolia and Mongol Empire">{{Cite web |url=http://shora.tabriz.ir/Uploads/83/cms/user/File/657/E_Book/History/Encyclopedia%20of%20Mongolia%20and%20Mongol%20Empire.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2021-01-10 |archive-date=2021-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112003220/http://shora.tabriz.ir/Uploads/83/cms/user/File/657/E_Book/History/Encyclopedia%20of%20Mongolia%20and%20Mongol%20Empire.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

⚫
It is also mentioned that the Bayads are presumably of Siberian Turkic origin, as the Bayad clan name is attested in Siberia from early times.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sneath |first1=David |url=https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004216358/B9789004216358-s030.xml |title=Atwood, C. (2006) 'Titles, Appanages, Marriages and Officials: A Comparison of Political Forms in the Zünghar and Thirteenthcentury Mongol Empires' |last2=Kaplonski |first2=Christopher |date=2010-01-01 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-21635-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sneath |first1=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v_V5DwAAQBAJ&q=presumably+of+Siberian+Turkic+origin%2C+as+the+Bayad+clan+name+is+attested+in+Siberia+from+early+times%29+and+the+Khotong+%28of+Turkestani+origin%29+%E2%80%93 |title=The History of Mongolia (3 Vols.) |last2=Kaplonski |first2=Christopher |date=2010-05-01 |publisher=Global Oriental |isbn=978-90-04-21635-8 |language=en}}</ref>


==Notable members==
==Notable members==
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*[[Bayad tribe]] (India)
*[[Bayad tribe]] (India)
*[[Bayat tribe]] (Arabic)
*[[Bayat tribe]] (Arabic)

{{Mongolic ethnic groups |state=expanded}}
{{Authority control}}


<nowiki>[[Category:Mongol peoples]]
<nowiki>[[Category:Mongol peoples]]

Aktuelle Version vom 8. Juni 2024, 20:13 Uhr

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Die Bayad (ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠥᠠ, mongolisch Баяд/Bayad, wörtl. „Die Reichen“) ist die drittgrößte Untergruppe der Mongol people in modern Mongolei and they are a tribe in Four Oirats. Baya'ud were a prominent clan within the Mongol Empire. Baya'ud can be found in both Mongolic and Turkic peoples. Within Mongols, the clan is spread through Khalkha, Inner Mongolians, Buryats and Oirats.

Geschichte

Mongol Empire c.1207
Mongol states XIV-XVII: 1.Northern Yuan dynasty 2.Four Oirat 3.Kara Del 4.Moghulistan

Der Clanname Baya'ud appears among the Mongols, while the ethnonym Bayid appears in Central Siberia. Only the latter appears to be connected to the modern Bayad people of western Mongolia. A common clan name does not mean common origin , the clan names Bayad and Baya’ud are differentiated. The Bayads appear to be Siberian peoples subjugated by the Dorbod tribe of the Oirats. Like all the Oirat tribes, the Bayads were not a consanguineal unit but a political-ethnographic one, formed of at least 40 different yasu, or patrilineages, of the most diverse origins.[1]

It is also mentioned that the Bayads are presumably of Siberian Turkic origin, as the Bayad clan name is attested in Siberia from early times.[2][3]

Notable members

Modern demographics

Today, Bayads are settled in the districts of Khyargas, Malchin, Tes, Züüngovi, Baruunturuun and Naranbulag in the province of Uvs. According to the census taken in 2000, 50,824 Bayads currently live in Mongolia.[4]

References

Vorlage:Reflist

Literature

  • [hamagmongol.narod.ru/library/khoyt_2008_r.htm Хойт С.К. Антропологические характеристики калмыков по данным исследователей XVIII-XIX вв. // Вестник Прикаспия: археология, история, этнография. № 1. Элиста: Изд-во КГУ, 2008. с. 220-243.]
  • [hamagmongol.narod.ru/library/khoyt_2012_r.htm Хойт С.К. Калмыки в работах антропологов первой половины XX вв. // Вестник Прикаспия: археология, история, этнография. № 3, 2012. с. 215-245.]

See also

[[Category:Mongol peoples]] [[Category:Ethnic groups in Mongolia]] [[Category:Oirats]] [[Category:Darlikin Mongols]]

  1. ↑ Archived copy. Archiviert vom Original am 12. Januar 2021; abgerufen am 10. Januar 2021 (englisch).
  2. ↑ David Sneath, Christopher Kaplonski: Atwood, C. (2006) 'Titles, Appanages, Marriages and Officials: A Comparison of Political Forms in the Zünghar and Thirteenthcentury Mongol Empires'. Brill, 2010, ISBN 978-90-04-21635-8 (englisch, brill.com).
  3. ↑ David Sneath: [https://books.google.com/books?id=v_V5DwAAQBAJ&q=presumably+of+Siberian+Turkic+origin%2C+as+the+Bayad+clan+name+is+attested+in+Siberia+from+early+times%29+and+the+Khotong+%28of+Turkestani+origin%29+%E2%80%93 |title=The History of Mongolia (3 Vols.) |last2=Kaplonski |first2=Christopher |date=2010-05-01 |publisher=Global Oriental |isbn=978-90-04-21635-8
  4. ↑ Хойт С.К. Последние данные по локализации и численности ойрат // Проблемы этногенеза и этнической культуры тюрко-монгольских народов. Вып. 2. Элиста: Изд-во КГУ, 2008. с. 136-157. - in Russian. Archiviert vom Original am 14. März 2012; abgerufen am 1. November 2010.
Quelle: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Shi_Annan/Bayad&diff=prev&oldid=245748030