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Not to be confused with List of largest cities throughout history.

This article lists historical urban community sizes based on the estimated populations of selected human settlements from 7000 BC – AD 1875, organized by archaeological periods.

Many of the figures are uncertain, especially in ancient times. Estimating population sizes before censuses were conducted is a difficult task.[1]

Neolithic settlements

Further information: Neolithic architecture
TownLocation7000 BC6000 BC5000 BC4000 BC3800 BC3700 BC
'Ain GhazalJordan2,501[2]
BeidhaJordan1,000[3]
ÇatalhöyükTurkey1,000[3][2]–10,000[4]
Choirokoitia[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]Cyprus300–6002,000
Lepenski VirSerbia150–1,000[12][13][14][15][16][17]
Nea NikomedeiaGreece500–700[18]
OkolisteBosnia and Herzegovina1,000–3,000[19]
Vinča-Belo BrdoSerbia2,000–2,500[20][21]
SeskloGreece1,000–5,000[22][23][24][25]
DobrovodyUkraine16,000[26]10,000–16,000[27][28][29]
FedorovkaUkraine6,000[26]
MehrgarhPakistan1,000–10,000[30]
MaydanetsUkraine10,000[26]10,000–46,000[a][31]
NebelivkaUkraine17,000[26]
TaliankiUkraine15,000–25,000–30,000[26][32][33]10,000–15,000[34][35][unreliable source?]
Tell BrakSyria4,000[3]5,000[3]
UrukIraq5,000[3]

Bronze Age

Further information: Cities of the Ancient Near East
Table 1: 3700–2600 BC
CityLocation3700 BC3400 BC3100 BC2800 BC2600 BC
AdabIraq11,000[36]
AnshanIran10,000[36]10,000[36]
Bad-tibiraIraq16,000[36]
EriduIraq6,000–10,000[36]
Habuba KabiraSyria6,000–8,000[36]
HarappaPakistan (Ancient India)35,000[37]
KishIraq40,000[36]
LagashIraq40,000[38]
Larak/LarsaIraq10,000[36]10,000[36]
Manika, Greece[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]Greece6,000–15,0006,000–15,000
MemphisEgypt30,000
Mohenjo-daroPakistan (Ancient India)41,250[37]
NekhenEgypt5,000–10,000[36]
NippurIraq13,000[36]
Shahr-i SokhtaIran20,000[2]
ShuruppakIraq20,000[36]
Suheri13,000[36]10,000[36]
SusaIran8,000[3]
Tell BrakSyria8,000[3]22,000[36]20,000[36]
Thebes, GreeceGreece4,000–6,000[45]
UmmaIraq26,000[36]
UrIraq6,000[36]
UrukIraq8,000[3]
14,000[36]		20,000[36]40,000[38]–50,000[36]80,000[36]80,000[38]
Table 2: 2500–1200 BC
CityLocation2500 BC2300 BC2000 BC1800 BC1600 BC1360 BC1200 BC
Athens[46][47]Greece10,00010,000–15,000
Akrotiri (prehistoric city)[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]Greece8,000–30,000
AdabIraq13,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]
AkkadIraq36,000[36]
AmarnaEgypt
AnshanIran10,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]
Avaris/Pi-RamsesEgypt100,000[38]160,000[38]
BabylonIraq65,000[3]80,000[3]
Dur-KurigalzuIraq
EblaSyria30,000[36]
ErlitouChina24,000[3]–35,000[36]
HarappaPakistan10,000[36]
HattusaTurkey40,000[56]40,000[56]
HazorIsrael
HeliopolisEgypt
HeracleopolisEgypt
IsinIraq40,000[36]20,000[36]
KermaSudan
KeshIraq11,000[36]
KishIraq25,000[36]10,000[36]40,000[38]
Knossos[48][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66]Greece1,300–2,00018,00020,00030,000
LagashIraq40,000[36]10,000[36]30,000[36][38]10,000[36]
Larak/LarsaIraq10,000[36]40,000[36]20,000[36]
Manika, Greece[45]Greece6,000–15,0006,000–15,000
MaliaGreece5,000–10,000–12,500[48][65]
MariSyria
MemphisEgypt30,000[36]–35,000[3]60,000[3][36][38]30,000[36]22,000[67]32,000[67]50,000[67]
Mohenjo-daroPakistan20,000[36]20,000[36]10,000[36]
Mozah15,000[36]15,000[36]
MycenaeGreece20,000[68]30,000–35,000[62][69]30,000[56]
Namazga-TepeTurkmenistan14,000[36]14,000[36]
NekhenEgypt21,000[56]
NinivehIraq23,000[56]33,000[56]
NippurIraq20,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]
PalaikastroGreece18,000[48][65]
San Lorenzo TenochtitlánMexico7,500[70]
Shahr-i SokhtaIran20,000[36]20,000[36]
ShuruppakIraq17,000[36]
Suheri10,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]
SusaIran25,000[36]25,000[36]
TaosiChina10,000[3]14,000[3]
Tell BrakSyria15,000[36]15,000[36]
Tell Churra20,000[36]
Tell LeilanSyria20,000[36]20,000[36]
ThebesEgypt40,000[36]40,000[36]80,000[3]80,000[3]
Thebes, Greece[45][71][72]Greece4,000–6,0008,000
Tiryns[45][73][46][47]Greece1,200–1,80010,00010,000–15,000
UmmaIraq34,000[36]20,000[36]10,000[36]20,000[36]
UrIraq60,000[3]
65,000[56]
UrukIraq50,000[3][36]75,000[3]
Yin (Anyang)China50,000[3]–120,000[38]
ZabalaIraq10,000[36]10,000[36]10,000[36]
ZhengzhouChina35,000[3]

Iron Age

Table 1: 1000-400 BC
CityLocation1000 BC900 BC800 BC700 BC650 BC600 BC500 BC430 BC400 BC
AeginaGreece20,000–40,000[74]20,000–40,000
AnuradhapuraSri Lanka48,000[56][67]
Anyi100,000[38]100,000[38]
Athens[64][75][76][77][78]Greece2,500–5,000[75]2,500–5,000[75]2,500–5,000[75]10,000[75]20,000[75]40,000[75]25,000[75]
AgrigentoItaly40,00040,000
ArgosGreece30,000–60,000[64][76][79][80][81][82]30,000–60,000
AyodhyaIndia
BabylonIraq45,000[67]–100,000[b]47,000[67]60,000[67]125,000[3]150,000[3]200,000[56]150,000[3]
BenaresIndia
CapuaItaly100,000[83][84]100,000
CerveteriItaly25,000–40,000[85][86][87][88][89]
ChichengChina
CuicuilcoMexico
CorinthGreece5,000[75]20,000[75]
CrotoneItaly50,000–80,000[90]
EcbatanaIran
HaojingChina100,000[b]125,000[38]125,000[38]33,000[56][67]
HastinapurIndia
JerusalemIsrael/Palestine40,000[56][67]49,942 (445 BC)[56]
KamarinaItaly20,000
KerchCrimea Ukraine40,000[56][67]
KingchowChina
Kalḫu (Nimrud)Iraq75,000[3]
KosambiIndia55,000[67]
LinziChina55,000–100,000[3][38]80,000–100,000[67][38]65,000–100,000[3][38]80,000–100,000[3][38]60,000–200,000[67][38]100,000–200,000[3][38]
LuoyangChina35,000[3][67]–100,000[c][d]40,000[3]45,000[3]–50,000[67]55,000[3]–100,000[38]70,000[67]–100,000[38]65,000[3]–100,000[38]200,000[38]200,000[38]100,000[3]–240,000[38]
MaribYemen45,000[67]
MemphisEgypt35,000–100,000[b][67]44,000[67]65,000[67]100,000[67]
MetapontumItaly40,000
MiletusTurkey
NinivehIraq39,000[56]100,000[3]120,000[56]
Pataliputra / PatnaIndia400,000[3]
PopuloniaItaly25,000–40,000[87][88][91][92]
PyongyangNorth Korea
TarquiniaItaly20,000–40,000[87][88][91][92]
Thebes, GreeceGreece30,000–60,000[45][71][93][94][95]30,000–60,000
QufuChina100,000[38]100,000[38]
RomeItaly4,440[96]24,400–40,000[96][97]27,20028,960[97]
SaisEgypt
San Lorenzo TenochtitlánMexico13,000[98]13,000[98]
ShangqiuChina100,000[38]130,000[38]
SravastiIndia46,000[56]
SpartaGreece40,000–50,000[99]
SusaIran40,000[56][67]200,000[56][67]
SuzhouChina100,000[38]
SyracuseItaly24,000–40,000[100][101][102]24,000–40,000[76]24,000–125,000[67][76]
SybarisItaly100,000[103]
TarantoItaly110,000–150,000[104]
ThebesEgypt50,000[3]–120,000[b]50,000[3]
VaisaliIndia
VeiiItaly25,000–100,000[87][88][91][92]
VolsiniiItaly13,000–40,000[87][88][91][92]
VulciItaly15,000–40,000[87][88][92]
XiaduChina100,000[38]100,000[38]320,000[38]300,000[38]
XintianChina100,000[38]
XinzhengChina100,000[38]
Xue
YongChina100,000[38]
Table 2: 300 BC-400 AD
CityLocation300 BC200 BC100 BCAD 1AD 100AD 200AD 300AD 361AD 400
AlexandriaEgypt150,000[3]300,000[3][56]–600,000[38]400,000[3]250,000[67]–500,000[105]500,000[105]125,000[67]–200,000[56]
AugsburgGermany25,000–50,00025,000–50,000[106]
AntiochTurkey120,000[56]400,000[75]150,000[67]–250,000[107]250,000[107]150,000[67]
AnuradhapuraSri Lanka68,000[56][67]130,000[56]72,000[67]
Anyi100,000[38]
AthensGreece25,000[75]10,000[75]10,000[75]90,000[108]90,000[108]
AutunFrance40,000–100,000[109][110]40,000–100,000
ArlesFrance10,000[111]10,000[111]75,000[112]
AyodhyaIndia63,000[67]
AquileiaItaly12,000[113]12,000[113]
CarnuntumAustria12,000[107]–50,000[114][115]12,000[107]–50,000[114][115]
CapuaItaly100,000100,000[83][84]25,000–40,000
CarthageTunisia150,000–200,000[56]100,000[56]–300,000[116]300,000[116]
Chang'an/Xi'anChina100,000–400,000[38][3][56]375,000–400,000[3][38]246,000–500,000[117][38][3]81,000–100,000[56][67][38]120,000[3]140,000[3]80,000[67]100,000[38]
ChengduChina100,000[38]70,000[67]
Cổ LoaVietnam40,000[38]50,000[38]
Byzantium /
Constantinople		Turkey15,00020,000150,000200,000
CorinthGreece40,000–100,000[75][107][118]
CologneGermany20,000–40,000[119][120]20,000–40,000[119][121][122]
CtesiphonIraq250,000[67]
CuicuilcoMexico36,000[67]
DatongChina100,000[38]
El MiradorGuatemala200,000[123]
EphesusTurkey33,600[107]
IzapaMexico35,000[67]
KaushambiIndia90,000-180,000[124]
Kaveri59,000[67]
LinziChina125,000–350,000[3][38]100,000[38]100,000[38]100,000[38]100,000[38]
LondonUK30,00045,000–60,000[125]
LugdunumFrance25,000–50,000[111][126]25,000–50,000[111][126]
LuoyangChina125,000[3]–240,000[38]60,000[67]200,000[38]420,000[38][67]140,000[3]–250,000[38]200,000[38]
MathuraIndia
MilanItaly30,000–40,000[56]100,00025,000–100,000[127][128][129]
Monte AlbánMexico5,200[130]17,200[130]17,200[130]17,200[130]17,200[130]
NanjingChina56,000[67]78,000[67]100,000[38]150,000[67]300,000[38]
NimesFrance40,000–60,000[131][132][133]
Ostia AnticaItaly25,000[106]–40,000[113]25,000–50,000[106][113][134]
PaithanIndia60,000[67]84,000[67]
PatalaPakistan73,000[67]
PataliputraIndia350,000[56]–400,000 - 1,000,000[124]69,000[56][67]250,000[56]
PeshawarPakistan120,000[56]
PhilippiGreece100,000[135]
PingchengChina88,000[67]200,000[3]
PozzuoliItaly30,000–50,00030,000[116]–50,000[106]
PyayMyanmar69,000[67]
QufuChina100,000[38]–125,000[3]
RajgirIndia100,000[124]
Rhodes[136][137][138]Greece100,000–200,000100,000
RomeItaly100,000[97]150,000–160,000[67][56]400,000[3]1,000,000[38][3]1,000,000[3][38]1,000,000[3]800,000[3]800,000[3]800,000[3]
SalonaCroatia25,000[119]25,000[119]
SeleuciaIraq200,000[67]400,000[75]250,000 (CE 2)[56]150,000[56]–250,000[67]
ShangqiuChina100,000[38]
SrughnaIndia100,000[124]
SuzhouChina100,000[38]66,000[67]95,000[67]58,000[67]
SyracuseItaly50,000–100,000[76]90,000[139]90,000[139]
TaxilaPakistan60,000[67]
TeotihuacánMexico60,000–80,000[140]90,000[67]
ThessalonikiGreece30,000[108]30,000[108]
TikalGuatemala100,000[141]
TosaliIndia16,000-47,000[124]
Tres ZapotesMexico30,000[67]
TrierGermany10,000[119]10,000[119]–50,00050,000–100,000[106][112]60,000
UjjainIndia60,000[124]94,000[67]80,000[67]
VaishaliIndia28,000-82,000[124]
VidishaIndia~100,000[124]
WanxianChina100,000[38]
XiaduChina300,000[38]
XianyangChina100,000[38]100,000–300,000[56]
XinzhengChina120,000[38]–125,000[3]
XuchangChina140,000[3]
YeChina140,000[3]120,000[67]100,000[38]

Middle Ages

Early Middle Ages: 500-999 AD
CityLocation500600622700775800900
AleppoSyria72,000[67]
AthensGreece110,000[142]
AlexandriaEgypt94,000[67]–200,000[56]216,000[56]60,000–100,00060,000–100,000
AngkorCambodia80,000[143]100,000[143]90,000[67]–150,000[143]
AnhilpurIndia80,000[67]
AntiochTurkey150,000[67]
AnuradhapuraSri Lanka70,000[67]
ArlesFrance10,000[144]
AyodhyaIndia75,000[67]
BadamiIndia70,000[67]
BaghdadIraq175,000[3][67]150,000[3]
BakhalalMexico45,000[67]
BasraIraq100,000[67]
BenaresIndia75,000-210,000[145]49,000[67]59,000[67]
CarthageTunisia100,000[56][67]
Chang'an / Xi'anChina95,000[67][38]–400,000[56]400,000[38]–600,000[3]400,000[67]1,000,000[38]1,000,000[38][56][e]600,000[67]–1,000,000[38][3]100,000[38]–750,000[67][3]
ChengduChina94,000[67]100,000[38]100,000[38]
ChenlaCambodia70,000[67]
ChunarIndia72,000[67]
ConstantinopleTurkey400,000[3]–500,000[56][146]150,000[3]150,000[67]125,000[3]40,000–50,000[3]40,000–50,000[3]150,000[3]
CopánHonduras63,000[67]
CologneGermany15,000–20,000[147]21,000[147]
CórdobaSpain135,000[68]160,000[67]110,000[148]–175,000[3]
CtesiphonIraq400,000[67]200,000[149]–500,000[67]
DaliChina90,000[67]–100,000[38]
Đại La /HanoiVietnam25,000[150]
DatongChina200,000[38]
DorestadNetherlands1,000–2,5001,000–2,500
El PilarGuatemala182,600[151]
El TajínMexico40,000[67]40,000[67]50,000[67]
Fanyang (Youzhou)China100,000[38]
FlorenceItaly1,0002,000–2,5005,000
FustatEgypt100,000[67]150,000[67]
GaoMali72,000[67]
GranadaSpain20,000
GuangzhouChina200,000[38]200,000[38]
GwaliorIndia65,000[67]
Huari/WariPeru70,000[152]
JiankangChina500,000[38]
Jinyang (Taiyuan)China100,000[38]100,000[38]
KannaujIndia230,000250,000250,000230,000[67]200,000[67]
KanchiIndia56,000[67]70,000[67]51,000[67]
KyotoJapan200,000[153]100,000–200,000[67][38]200,000[38][56]
LaonFrance28,000[154]
LhasaChina100,000[38][67]
LondonUK10,000–12,000
LuoyangChina200,000[67]–500,000[38]500,000[38]200,000[67]500,000[38]300,000[67]–400,000[38]150,000[67]–200,000[38]
LyonFrance12,000[155]
MaduraiIndia70,000[67]70,000[67]
MainzGermany20,000[147]30,000[147]
MandsaurIndia63,000[67]
ManyakhetaIndia100,000[67]–200,000[156]
MetzFrance25,000[157]14,000[157]
MilanItaly30,00025,000[158]30,000 (875)[159]
NaplesItaly30,000[159]30,000[159]30,000[159]
NanjingChina150,000[67]–500,000[38]
NaraJapan100,000[38]
OrléansFrance10,000[144]
PaduaItaly15,000[144]
ParisFrance10,000–30,000[56]20,000
Patna / PataliputraIndia500,000300,000100,00074,000[67]
PaviaItaly15,000–20,000[56]
PoitiersFrance5,000–9,000[56]5,000–9,000[56]5,000–9,000[56]10,000[56]10,000[56]
PreslavBulgaria40,000–60,000[68]
PrambananIndonesia60,000[67]62,000[67]
ProvinsFrance10,000
PyayMyanmar73,000[67]100,000[67]
PliskaBulgaria34,000[160]
RayIran68,000[67]
RegensburgGermany25,000[147]25,000
ReimsFrance20,000[56]
RennesFrance10,000
RomeItaly100,00050,000[161]–90,000[162]50,000[161]50,000[161]50,000[161]50,000[163][56]20,000–30,000[161]
RouenFrance10,000
SevilleSpain20,00040,00035,00035,00040,000–52,000[68]
SialkotPakistan85,000[67]
SpeyerGermany20,000
SuzhouChina70,000[67]120,000[38]100,000[38]84,000[67]–100,000[38]81,000[67]–100,000[38]
TeotihuacánMexico125,000[67][140]60,000[67]
ThessalonikiGreece100,00040,00040,00050,00050,000[68]
TikalGuatemala45,000[67]40,000[67]
ToledoSpain25,00028,000
ToulouseFrance10,000[56]
ToursFrance17,000[56]20,000[56]
TulaMexico41,000[67]50,000[67]
TrierGermany10,000[56]15,000[56]15,000–25,000[147]
VeniceItaly37,000[56]
VeronaItaly30,000[56]25,000
WormsGermany10,000
WuchangChina100,000[38]84,000[67]
YeChina200,000[38]
Later Middle Ages: 1000–1399
CityLocation1000110011501200125013001350
AngkorCambodia200,000[67]
400,000[143]		125,000[67]
550,000[143]		140,000[67]
600,000[143]		150,000[67]
650,000[143]		650,000[143]
AmalfiItaly35,000[164]–80,000[68]10,000–15,000[56]
AniTurkey100,000[165]–200,000[166]
AnhilpurIndia100,000[67]100,000[67]135,000[67]
AntiochTurkey40,00040,000
L'AquilaItaly40,000
BaganMyanmar100,000[67]150,000[67]180,000[67]180,000[67]
BaghdadIraq125,000[56]150,000[67]250,000[3]150,000[56]
BeijingChina130,000[67]140,000[67]401,000[67]400,000[67]
BerlinGermany2,4001,200–2,0004,000–7,000
BolognaItaly50,00050,00023,000
BraunschweigGermany10,000[147]21,000[56]
BrugesBelgium12,000[147]15,000[56]25,000[56]36,000[56]50,000[56]
CahokiaIllinois, USA10,200–15,300[167]25,000[168]20,000–30,000[169]
CairoEgypt135,000[67]150,000[67]175,000[67]200,000[67]–250,000[3]300,000[67]400,000[3][67]350,000[67]
Chang'an / Xi'anChina118,000[67]114,000[67]
ChartresFrance7,000
ChunarIndia66,000[67]
CologneGermany21,000[170]25,000–35,000[56]32,000–60,000[171]52,000–60,000[170]40,000–60,000[121][122][171]57,000 (1333)[170]
ConstantinopleTurkey150,000[3]200,000[67]–250,000[3]200,000[67]150,000[67]–250,000[3]100,000[172]150,000[172]80,000[172]
CórdobaSpain110,000[148][3]60,000 (1103)[173]60,000[173]60,000[173]40,000[173]
CuttackIndia100,000[67]90,000[67]90,000[67]
DaliChina90,000[67]
100,000[38]		100,000[67]
DelhiIndia10,000[174]60,000[174]80,000[67]100,000[67][174]125,000[174]
DharIndia80,000[67]
DwarasamudraIndia30,000120,000150,000
EdessaTurkey25,000
ErfurtGermany10,000[147]21,000[56]32,000[56]
Fanyang (Youzhou)China100,000[38]
FesMorocco75,000[56]125,000[67]160,000[67]200,000[67]–250,000[56]200,000[67]150,000[67]–200,000[56]125,000[67]
FlorenceItaly13,00020,00030,00050,000–110,000[175]60,000–120,000[56][176]40,000
Gangaikonda CholapuramIndia200,000300,000300,000250,000150,000
GaurIndia60,000[67]90,000[67]100,000[67]
GenoaItaly15,000[56]–80,000[175]30,000[56]100,000[177]100,000[56]
GhentBelgium8,000[147]12,000[56]25,000[56]65,000[178]42,000[56]–65,00057,000[56]
GuangzhouChina140,000[67]150,000[67]150,000[67]
HangzhouChina80,000[67]90,000[67]145,000[67]–800,000[3]255,000[67]–1,000,000[3]320,000[67]–1,000,000[38]432,000[67]–800,000[3]432,000[67]
Ile-IfeNigeria75,000–105,000[179]
JinzhouChina85,000[67]
KaifengChina400,000[38][56]–1,000,000[3]442,000[67]–1,000,000[3]150,000[67]1,000,000[38]
KalburgiIndia70,000[67]
KalyanIndia150,000[67]125,000[67]
KannaujIndia72,000[67]80,000[67]92,000[67]
Khajuraho (Kalinjar)India100,000[56]50,000[67]
KhambhatIndia50,000[67]60,000[67]
KyivUkraine45,000[56]48,000[56]–100,000[164]36,000–50,000[56]
KollamIndia60,000[67]
KyotoJapan175,000[38]–300,000[56]
LaonFrance25,000[154]
London[180]UK20,000–25,00010,000–20,00020,000–30,00080,000–100,000[181]25,000–50,000
LübeckGermany6,00018,800
MaduraiIndia60,000[67]
MainzGermany30,000[56]30,000[56]25,000[56]25,000[56]25,000[56]24,000[56]
ManyakhetaIndia71,000[67]
MarrakechMorocco150,000[67]150,000[67]150,000[67]125,000[67]
MarseilleFrance6,000–7,000[56]25,000[56]40,000[56]
MervTurkmenistan200,000[67]70,000[56]
MetzFrance16,00021,000[56]23,000–27,000[56]32,000[56]
MilanItaly15,000[161]45,00058,000 (1170)[56]60,000[56]–100,000[161]150,000150,000–200,000[181][161][182][183]50,000–200,000[175][182][183][128]
MontpellierFrance40,000–50,000[181]
NabadwipIndia85,000[67]
NanjingChina130,000[67]130,000[67]130,000[67]95,000[67]
NaplesItaly30,000[56]30,000[56]30,000[56]30,000[56]30,000–36,000 (1278)[56]40,000[56]–100,00060,000 (1340)[56]
NishapurIran125,000[67]
NorwichUK20,000–25,000
PaduaItaly15,000[181]35,000[181]
PalermoItaly60,000[148]–75,000150,000150,000[67]50,000 (1277)[56]40,000[56]–100,000[181]
ParisFrance20,000[184]50,000–65,000[185][186][187][188]110,000[184]160,000[67]200,000–270,000 (1328)[189]215,000[67]
PolonnaruwaSri Lanka75,000[67]
PragueCzech Republic10,000[147]22,000[56]40,000[56]50,000[56]
PuriIndia78,000[67]72,000[67]
Ramavati75,000[67]
RegensburgGermany40,000[147][164]30,000
RomeItaly35,000[56][164]30,000–40,000[161]30,000–40,000[161]40,000[161]40,000–50,000[161]15,000[190]–17,000[56]
RouenFrance20,000[56]20,000[56]30,000–40,000[56]50,000[56]40,000–50,000[56][181]
SalernoItaly50,000[191]50,000[56]50,00010,000 (1320)[56]
SaraiRussia120,000[67]
SevilleSpain52,00040,000–50,000[181]
ShangjingChina140,000[38]
SpeyerGermany25,00030,000[56]30,000[56]30,000[56]30,000[56]25,000[56]
SuzhouChina100,000[38]96,000[67]
TabrizIran125,000[67]100,000[67]
ThanjavurIndia200,000[67]250,000200,000
Thăng Long/HanoiVietnam30,000[150]40,000[150]
ThessalonikiGreece40,000[56]40,000[56]40,000[56]30,000[56]50,000[56]–100,000[192]50,000–150,000[164][193]
ToledoSpain37,00035,00042,000
ToulouseFrance35,000
TrierGermany20,000[147]20,000[56]20,000[56]25,000[56]
VeniceItaly45,000–60,000[127][194][195][196]58,00064,000–70,000[56]70,000–80,000[182][56]45,000[177]100,000–120,000[67][182]65,228 (1363)
Veliky NovgorodRussia10,000–18,00020,000–40,00050,000[197][198]
VeronaItaly10,00020,000–25,00020,000–25,00035,000–40,000
VijayanagarIndia200,000
WarangalIndia63,000[67]80,000[67]
WormsGermany20,000[147]28,000[56]25,000[56]20,000[56]
YorkUK8,000[181]23,000[181]
YpresBelgium40,000–200,000[199]30,000[56]
Renaissance: 1400–1599
City14001450150015501575
Aachen15,000[200]
Adrianople / Edirne28,000[56]85,000[56]125,000[56]160,000[56]183,000[56]
Agra250,000500,000
Ahmedabad70,000[56]80,000[56]–100,000[67]140,000[67]–175,000[56]300,000
Ahmednagar70,000[67]
Alessandria8,000[201]
Antwerp18,000 (1374)20,000 (1444)40,000[200]90,000[200]104,984 (1568)[56][67]
Asti8,000[201]
Augsburg14,000 (1408)[202]17,000 (1471)[202]20,000[200]45,000[200]
Ayutthaya150,000[203]150,000[203]10,000 (1569)[203]
Bago150,000[67]175,000[67]
Beijing150,000[67]600,000[67]672,000[67]690,000[67]706,000[67]
Bologna40,000[204]55,000[201]61,731 (1569)[204][201]72,395 (1588)[204]
Brescia27,000[204]30,000 (1440)[204]49,000[201]41,000[201]
Bursa95,000[56]130,000[67]
Bruges37,000[182]25,00030,000[200]35,000[200]29,000 (1584)[205]
Cairo125,000–360,000[3][67]380,000[67]400,000[3][56]360,000[67]275,000[67]
Chan Chan60,000–100,000[206]5,000–10,000[207]
Chang'an / Xi'an150,000[56]150,000[56]127,000[67]150,000[56]
Cologne40,000[56]30,000[200]35,000[200]37,000[56]
Como10,000[201]10,000[201]
Constantinople / Istanbul75,000[56]40,000–50,000[193]200,000[56]660,000[67]680,000[67]
Crema11,000[201]
Cremona35,000[208]40,000[201]34,000[201]
Cuneo6,000[201]
Cuttack75,000[67]100,000[67]140,000[67]90,000[67]
Cusco45,000[209]
Delhi80,000[67]–100,000[174]160,000[174]160,000[174]
Fes125,000[67]150,000[56]130,000[67]
Florence45,000–61,000[56][175][210]54,000 (1470)[56]55,000–70,000[191][175][211]59,216 (1562)[56]
Fossano9,000[201]
Gao60,000[67]
Gaur150,000[67]200,000[67]
Ghent70,000[56]40,000[200]50,000[200]
Genoa80,000–100,000[175][176]120,000 (1460)[56]60,000[201]65,000[201]
Granada100,000[56]165,000[67]70,000[191][56]
Guangzhou150,000[67]175,000[67]150,000[67]160,000[67]170,000[67]
Gwalior80,000[67]
Hangzhou235,000[67]250,000[67]250,000[56]260,000[67]260,000[67]
Hanoi50,000[150]
Jaunpur100,000[67]
Kalburgi90,000[67]
Kano50,000[67]
Khambhat60,000[67]
Kollam60,000[67]
Lodi9,000[201]
London[180]45,000[56]75,000[56]40,000[212]80,000[212]
Lyon20,000–35,000[56]60,000[56]50,000[213]70,000[213]
Lübeck17,20021,56825,44422,452
Magdeburg20,000[56]24,000[56]18,000[214]40,000[56]
Mandu70,000[67]
Mantua28,000[201]38,000[201]
Milan125,000[177][182]110,000[56]100,000[201]69,000[201]115,000 (1574)
Modena18,000[201]16,000[201]
Nanjing487,000[67]150,000[67]157,000[67]182,000[67]188,000[67]
Naples40,000–100,000[56][176]60,000 (1435)[56]125,000[215]–150,000[216]212,000[216]215,000[67]
Novara7,000[201]
Nuremberg18,000[56]25,982 (1449)[56]36,000[214]40,000[214]
Oyo-Ile150,00060,000[67]
Padua27,000[201]32,000[201]
Paris100,000 (1422)[217]150,000[67]100,000[213]130,000[213]220,000[67]
Parma19,000[201]25,000[201]
Pavia16,000[201]13,000[201]
Piacenza27,000[201]
Prague40,00030,000
Rome33,000[218]33,500 (1458)[218]38,000[218]–55,000[216]45,000[216]80,000 (1580)
Rouen40,000[213]65,000[213]
Samarkand130,000[67]
Seoul100,000[56]125,000[67]150,000[56]125,000[56]
Seville15,000 (1384)[219]60,000[219]65,000109,000 (1565)[219]
Suzhou129,000[67]
Tabriz150,000[67]200,000[67]250,000[67]
Tenochtitlan/Mexico City200,000-400,000[220][221][222]60,000[56]
Texcoco60,000[67]
Venice85,000–200,000[175][176]150,000 (1423)[182]100,000[201]158,000[201]134,871 (1581)
Verona14,80038,000[201]52,000[201]
Vijayanagar400,000[67]550,000[67]500,000[223] - 1,000,000[224]

Early Modern era

City16001650170017501800182518501875
Aachen14,171 (1601)12,000[200]15,000[200]24,000[200]35,42856,190 (1849)[202]79,606
Adrianople/Edirne160,000[56]132,000[56]93,000[56]96,000[56]100,000[56]125,000[56]85,000[56]
Alexandria15,000 (1693)6,000 (1777)4,000 (1798)12,528 (1828)138,000212,000[225]
Antwerp47,000[200]70,000[200]70,000[200]46,000[200]60,000[200]88,000[226]127,000[226]
Agra500,000[56]660,000[56]60,000[56]108,000[56]149,008 (1872)[227]
Ahmedabad300,000[56]380,000[56]400,000[67]120,000[56]89,000[56]87,000 (1824)94,390 (1846)116,873 (1872)[227]
Amsterdam59,551[228]176,873[228]235,224233,952[67]203,485197,231 (1820)223,700[226]289,000[225]
Augsburg48,000[200]21,000[200]21,000[200]31,000[202]28,000[200]35,000[202]57,210
Ayutthaya100,000[203]125,000[229]150,000[203]150,000[203]30,000[203]
Baltimore26,51480,620 (1830)169,054299,000[225]
Barcelona64,00064,00073,00070,000120,000120,000167,000240,000[225]
Beijing706,000[56]470,000[67]650,000[56]900,000[67]1,100,000[38][56]1,350,000[67]1,648,000[67]1,310,000[56]
Berlin25,000[200]12,000[200]55,000[200]113,289[230]172,132[230]220,277446,0001,045,000[225]
Birmingham2,000[212]4,000[212]7,000[212]23,688[231]73,670 (1801)[231]122,000294,000480,000[225]
Bombay100,000163,000 (1826)718,000[225]
Bordeaux40,000[232]40,000[232]50,000[232]67,000[232]88,000[232]142,000[233]225,000[225]
Boston6,70020,00035,24861,392 (1830)202,261450,000[225]
Breslau (Wrocław)33,000–40,000[56][234]37,000[56]40,000[56]52,000[56]64,520[56]89,500 (1831)114,000[56]239,050[56]
Bristol10,549[235]15,000-20,000[235]25,000[235]43,275[236]62,452[236]94,180[236]137,528[236]206,874 (1881)[236]
Brussels55,000[56]70,000[56]70,000[56]55,000[56]–60,000[226]66,297[56][226]208,000[56]–251,000[226]327,000[225]
Bucharest60,000[237]50,000[237]25,000[237]34,000[237]104,000[237]177,646 (1878)[238]
Budapest25,000[239]24,000[239]54,000[239]156,506[239]325,000[225]
Cairo200,000[67]350,000[240]350,000[240]300,000[240]210,960257,783267,160345,028
Calcutta200,000230,000 (1822)680,000[225]
Chicago100 (1830)29,963405,000[225]
Cologne40,000[200]45,000[200]42,000[200]43,000[200][226]42,000[200]59,04994,781 (1849)[226]135,371
Copenhagen40,000[56]29,00062,000[56]93,000[226]101,000[226]108,000[56]150,000241,000[225]
Danzig50,000[214]70,000[214]50,000[214]46,000[214]40,000[214]61,90065,000[56]90,500 (1874)
Delhi200,000[174]500,000[174]100,000[174]125,000[174]150,000[174]156,000[174]154,417 (1872)[241]
Dhaka200,000[56]200,000[56]200,000[56]135,000[56]110,000[56]66,989 (1830)[56]60,617[56]51,536 (1869)[56]
Dresden14,793 (1603)16,000 (1648)21,298 (1699)63,209 (1755)61,79461,886 (1830)94,092 (1849)197,295[225]
Dublin5,000[242]17,000[242]60,000[242]–80,000[243]90,000[242]–128,570 (1753)[243]167,899 (1802)[242]194,000[244]263,000[245]310,000[225]
Edinburgh35,00055,00082,000145,000194,000274,000[225]
Edo (Tokyo)60,000[67]430,000688,000[67]509,000[56]685,000[67]530,000[56]567,000[56]780,000[225]
Esfahān125,000[56]350,000[67]350,000[67]60,000[56]50,000[56]60,000[56]76,088 (1870)
Genoa71,000[201]90,000[201]80,000[201]87,000[201]91,000[201]83,569 (1822)100,696130,269 (1872)
Glasgow[246]7,00014,00014,00023,500[226]77,000[226]170,000346,000635,000[225]
Guangzhou180,000[67]200,000[67]200,000[67]400,000[67]800,000[67]900,000[67]875,000[67]944,000[56]
Hangzhou270,000[67]281,000[67]303,000[67]340,000[67]387,000[67]410,000[67]700,000[56]50,000 (1864)
Hanoi40,000[150]100,000[247]100,000[247]75,000[247]81,000[247]51,000[150]255,000[248]
Huế60,000[150]50,325[150]
Ho Chi Minh City/Saigon24,00050,000[150]50,000[150]180,661 (1902)[249]
Hyderabad80,000[250]90,000[229]200,000[250]225,000[250]200,000[250]200,000[250]200,000[250]350,000[250]
Iași (Jassy)20,000[237]20,000[237]50,000[237]72,000 (1877)[251]
Constantinople/Istanbul400,000–700,000[3][67]700,000[67]600,000–700,000[3][67]625,000[67]570,000[67]675,000[67]785,000[67]827,750 (1874)
Hamburg40,000[234]75,00070,000[56]75,000–90,000[252][56]130,000[252]124,838 (1830)193,000[56]348,000[225]
Kagoshima50,00051,000[56]57,000[56]67,000[67]72,350[56]72,000[56]89,374 (1873)
Kanazawa50,000[56]55,106[56]67,000[67]78,000[56]97,000[56]103,000[56]116,000[56]109,685 (1873)
Kyoto300,000[67]350,000[253]350,000[254][67]362,000[245]377,000[255]350,000[244]323,000[245]238,663 (1873)[256]
Königsberg40,000 (1663)40,600 (1708)60,000[212]59,000[212]67,12579,887 (1852)122,636
Lahore350,000[56]200,000[56]94,000[56]99,000 (1872)[256]
Leipzig20,00014,000 (1648)15,653 (1699)35,00032,14641,50662,374 (1849)209,000[225]
Lisbon110,000[56]165,000 (1639)[56]188,000[56]148,000–213,000[252][56]180,000–237,000[252][56]249,000[56]240,000–259,000[252][56]235,000 (1870)[252]
Liverpool5,71422,000[252]77,653 (1801)[252]170,000[56]375,955 (1851)[257]650,000[225]
London200,000[212]400,000[212]575,000[212]675,000[212]865,000[212]1,335,000[67]2,320,000[67]4,241,000[67]
Lyon40,000[213]75,000[213]97,000[213]114,000[252]102,167 (1793)115,841 (1820)254,000331,000[225]
Lübeck22,57031,06819,97817,64424,63125,60026,09844,799
Madras15,00055,000125,000172,000310,000400,000[225]
Madrid49,000[258]130,000[258]110,000[258]109,000[252][258]167,000[258]181,400 (1826)[56]263,000[252][56]407,000[225]
Manchester5,000[212]9,000[212]18,000[212]70,000[212]155,000412,000590,000[225]
Marseille40,000[213]66,000[213]75,000[213]68,000[213][252]78,000[213]119,000[56]193,000[56]316,000[225]
Mexico City75,000[56]90,000[56]100,000[56]110,000[56]128,000[56]176,000[56]170,000[257][56]250,000[56]
Milan[177]120,000[201]100,000[201]124,000[201]123,618[56][252][201]134,528[56][201]168,000[56]193,000[56]277,000[225]
Moscow80,000[56]200,000 (1638)130,000[56]130,000–161,000[252][56]238,000[56]241,500373,800[257]601,969 (1871)
Munich20,000[214]10,000[214]21,000[214]32,000[214][252]34,000[214]62,29096,398198,000[225]
Nagoya65,000[56]65,000[67]96,000[56]92,000[67]116,000125,193 (1873)[256]
Nanjing194,000[67]178,000[67]300,000[56]285,000[56]220,000[56]200,000[56]300,000[56]
Naples400,000[216]176,000[216]216,000[216]305,000[216]427,000[216]350,000[67]413,000[257]–416,000[56]450,000[225]
New Orleans8,05646,082 (1830)116,375210,000[225]
New York City4,436 (1703)13,296 (1749)63,000170,000682,0001,900,000[67]
Nuremberg40,000[214]25,000[214]40,000[214]30,000[214][252]27,000[214][252]54,000[252]91,017
Osaka200,000–360,000[67]220,000350,000–380,000[67][259][260]400,000 (1749)383,000–500,000 (1783)[56][259]340,000[56]300,000320,000[225]
Palermo105,000[261][216]128,000[229]100,000[216]118,000[216]139,000[216]168,000[244]182,000[245]219,000[225]
Paris220,000[213]430,000[213]510,000[213]576,000[213]581,000[213]855,000[67]1,314,000[67]2,250,000[67]
Philadelphia4,40014,563 (1753)68,200138,000426,221791,000[225]
Prague60,00025,00039,000[262]58,000[263][262]77,403[56][263][262]98,000117,000[263]223,371 (1869)
Rio de Janeiro20,00029,00044,000166,419274,000[225]
Rome105,000[216]124,000[216]138,000[216]156,000[216]163,000[216]138,000170,000252,000[225]
Rouen60,000[213]82,000[213]64,000[213]67,000[213]81,000[213]92,083 (1836)104,142 (1851)[264]104,902 (1876)
Saint Petersburg138,000[265]220,200[265]438,000[67]502,000[265]764,000[225]
Seoul150,000[67]158,000[67]187,000[67]190,000[56]192,000[56]194,000[56]
Seville121,000 (1597)[219]65,000[258]96,000[258]66,000[258][263]96,000[258]75,000 (1820)106,000[263]133,247 (1877)
Shanghai45,00060,000100,000115,000250,000400,000[225]
Sunpu100,000[67]31,555 (1873)[266]
St. Louis925 (1799)4,977 (1830)77,860338,000[225]
Suzhou175,000[56]145,000[56]245,000[56]302,000[56]243,000[67]302,000[67]550,000[56]250,000[56]
Turin24,000[201]37,000[201]42,000[201]57,000[201]82,000[201]109,000[244]138,000[245]216,000[225]
Warsaw35,000[267]21,000[267]28,000[267]75,000[267]124,000[244]163,000[267]311,000[225]
Venice[177]139,000[201]120,000[201]138,000[201]149,000[201]138,000[201]109,927106,000[263]129,676
Vienna[268][269]50,000[262]60,000[262]114,000[262]175,400[262]231,000[262]401,200551,3001,020,770
Xi'an138,000[67]147,000[56]167,000[67]195,000[67]224,000[67]259,000[67]275,000[56]250,000[56]
Yamaguchi80,000[67]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Dobrovody and Maydanets Suggested to be housing up to 10,000 people in Modelski's text (pp. 24–25), The estimate is based on the author's personal communication with Mikhail Videiko, Institute of Archaeology, Kyiv, October 2002 (p. 75). The previous estimates by S. I. Kruts for Maydanets and Talianki are 8,000 (1,575 housed within 270 ha) and 14,000 (2,700 houses within 450 ha), respectively (Pitskhelauri, K. N., and Chernykh, E. N. Eds., Kavkaz v sisteme paleometallicheskikh kultur Evrazii, Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1989, pp. 146–156.).[full citation needed]
  2. ^ a b c d Modelski's list of the world's largest cities treats Thebes and Haojing as the top cities with 100,000 inhabitants (p. 218), though the same list on the next page (p. 219) as well as Table 2 (c) place the population of Thebes at 120,000, while that for Haojing as well as Memphis and Babylon at 100,000 (pp. 33-34).[full citation needed]
  3. ^ Chandler listed Thebes, Haoqing, and Chengzhou (Luoyang) as the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd largest cities (p. 460), though Luoyang is supposed to pass 100,000 in 1000 B.C. (p. 541).[full citation needed]
  4. ^ When the city first passed 100,000, suggested by Richard Forstall (pp. 541-542).[full citation needed]
  5. ^ Haoqing, the capital of Western Zhou, was located 15 km SW of Chang'an, the capital of Sung and Tang dynasties as well as the present center of Xi'an. Han capital was located 5 km NW of the center of modern Xi'an. All these sites are now within the sub-provincial city of Xi'an.

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References

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Further reading

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_urban_community_sizes
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